Banks grant short sales for 2 reasons: the seller has a hardship, and the seller owes more on the mortgage than the home is worth.
A few examples of a hardship are:
· Unemployment / reduced income
· Divorce
· Medical emergency
· Job transfer out of town
· Bankruptcy
· Death
The seller will need to prepare a financial package for submission to the short sale bank. Each bank has its own guidelines but -- with the exception of Wachovia, which is the best short sale bank in the world -- the basic procedure is similar from bank to bank. The seller's short sale package will most likely consist of:
· Letter of authorization, which lets your agent speak to the bank.
· HUD-1 or preliminary net sheet
· Completed financial statement
· Seller's hardship letter
· 2 years of tax returns
· 2 years of W-2s
· Recent payroll stubs
· Last 2 months of bank statements
· Comparative market analysis or list of recent comparable sales
Before a buyer writes a short sale offer, a buyer should ask his or her agent for a list of comparable sales. Banks are not in the business of giving away a home at rock-bottom pricing. The bank will want to receive somewhat close to market value. The short sale price may have little bearing on market value and may, in fact, be priced below the comparable sales to encourage multiple offers.
· After the seller accepts the offer, the listing agent will send the following items to the bank:
· Listing agreement
· Executed purchase offer
· Buyer's preapproval letter and copy of earnest money check
· Seller's short sale package
· If the package is incomplete, the short sale process will be delayed. In this event, the bank might even shred the package.
· The Short Sale Process at the Bank
Buyers may wait a very long time to get a response from the bank. It is imperative for the listing agent to regularly call the bank and keep careful notes of the short sale process. Buyers may get so tired of waiting for short sale approval that they may feel the need to threaten to cancel if they don't get an answer within a specified time period.
That type of attitude is self-defeating and will not speed up the short sale process. If buyers are the type with little patience, perhaps a short sale is not for them.
Following is a typical short sale process at the bank:
1. Bank acknowledges receipt of the file. This can take 10 days to a month.
2. A negotiator is assigned. This can take 30 to 60 days.
3. A BPO is ordered. The bank probably will refuse to share the results of the BPO.
4. A second negotiator may be assigned. This can take another 30 days.
5. The file is sent for review or to the PSA. This can take 2 weeks to 30 days.
6. The bank may then request that all parties sign an Arm's-Length Affidavit.
7. The bank issues a short sale approval letter.